The day before the effective date of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Water of the United States (WOTUS) rule (Fed. Reg. 37,054-127,), a federal judge issued a preliminary injunction to stop the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers from enforcing it. The court determined that the plaintiffs (multiple states) were substantially likely to succeed on the merits or had at least a fair chance to succeed. The court stated that the evidence showed that it was likely that the EPA has violated its Congressional grant of authority when it developed the rule and also failed to comply with the Administrative Procedure Act requirements. The court noted that a broad segment of the public would benefit from the preliminary injunction because it would ensure that federal agencies do not extend their power beyond the express delegation from Congress. A balancing of the harms and analysis of the public interest revealed that the risk of harm to the States was great and the burden on the EPA was slight. The injunction was requested by States of North Dakota, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, South Dakota, and Wyoming, and the New Mexico Environment Department. The EPA immediately took the position that the injunction applies only to those states that sought the injunction. The old rule, the agency said, will be applied in those states. The new rule, however, will be applied by the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps in the remaining states beginning effective August 28, 2015. North Dakota, et al. v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, No. 3:15-cv-59, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 113831 (D. N.D. Aug. 27, 2015).